
Age is a huge factor, too. A vehicle from 1985 emits almost 38 times more carbon monoxide than a 2001 model, on average.
BMWs did best. Hondas and Volvos also tended to pass exams more often than other makes, but were inconsistent from state to state.
Hyundai, Mitsubishi, Chrysler, and GM cars were the most likely to fail.
For trucks, Honda, Toyota, and Nissan performed best. Ford was a distant fourth. Chrysler and Mitsubishi failed most often.